Is prostatic adenocarcinoma in a relationship with Human Papilloma Virus in Isfahan -Iran

Background: Prostatic adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death among men. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) considered as a preventable risk factor for prostatic adenocarcinoma. In this study, we detected the frequency of HPV infection in prostatic adenocarcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Isfahan. Materials and Methods: In this study, 120 paraffin-embedded blocks (90 and 30 cases with definite diagnosis of BPH and adenocarcinoma, respectively) were selected. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed for all selected blocks to detect HPV infection. The rate of infection was compared in the two studied groups. Results: Totally, HPV was detected in four blocks. HPV infection was positive in 10% (3/30) of cases with adenocarcinoma and 1.1% (1/90) of cases with BPH (P = 0.04, or = 9.88, CI 95%). Mean age of patients with positive and negative HPV infection was 61.75 ± 8.3 and 68.51 ± 11.7 years, respectively. Conclusion: Considering the higher prevalence of HPV infection in prostatic adenocarcinoma, it is suggested that HPV could be probable risk factor for prostatic adenocarcinoma. It is recommended to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection in Iranian men and the outcome of prevention and treatment of HPV infection on prostatic adenocarcinoma.