Author/Authors :
Mokhtari, Tahmineh Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center - Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran , Sheikhazadi, Ardeshir Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology - School of Medicine - Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Hassanzadeh, Gholamreza Department of Anatomy - School of Medicine - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Safari, Manouchehr Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center - Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran , Sheikhbahaei, Fatemeh Department of Anatomical Sciences - Afzalipour School of Medicine - Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran , Faghir-Ghanesefat, Hedyeh Department of Pharmacology - School of Medicine - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Rezaei, Maryam Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology - School of Medicine - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract :
This study aims to review the literature pertaining to the renal effects of amphetamines (AMPs) including AMP and its analogues (ARDAs) such as methamphetamine (MET) and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and discuss the implications for these drugs users. The study was performed through searching in the relevant literature. Sufficient clinical and experimental evidence suggested that AMPs have adverse and potentially nonfatal and fatal effects on users’ kidneys. The acute and chronic renal complications due to
illicit drugs such as AMPs have been investigated. A few renal effects in AMPs users have been demonstrated. However, isolated reports of adverse renal effects of AMPs including nephropathy due to rhabdomyolysis, necrotizing renal vasculopathy and malignant hypertension have been recorded. It can be suggested that renal damages after AMPs consumption should be considered in the emergency departments (EDs).
Keywords :
Acute kidney injury , Amphetamines , Kidney , Drug abuse , Nephropathy , Necrotizing renal vasculopathy
