The Effect of Magnetic Nanoparticles along with Magnetic Experimental Modeling for the Desalination of the Caspian Sea Water

In this study, samples of coastal waters of Kiashahr port were collected. Magnetic desalination involves exposing the sample to a magnetic field and putting the water in physical contact with magnetic nanoparticles which were synthesized with the co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy were used for the characterization of nanoparticles. The results showed that nanoparticles have a spherical shape and a diameter of less than 20 nm. After modifying the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with SiO2, they maintained their uniform distribution and spherical shape but their size increased by 20 nm. The salinity and electrical conductivity of the sample was measured prior to and following the magnetic treatment. Maximum reduction in the level of salt and electrical conductivity was achieved when 0.1 g of nanoparticles was placed in contact with sea water for 2 h and also when sea water at a flow of 50 ml/min was introduced to a magnetic field of 30 mT for 20 s. The amount of salt in the sample was reduced to 9.65 g/l using the above-mentioned method -having an initial value of 11.6 g/l.