Evaluation of the effects of autologous adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells in combination with polyacrylamide hydrogel and nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds on healing in rabbit critical sized radial bone defect model

Objective- In this study, the bone regeneration ability of polyacrylamide and nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds (PAAH/NHA) and stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ADMSCs) in the healing of critical sized bone defects in rabbit radius was assessed. Design- Experimental Study Animals- 12 New Zealand white male rabbits Procedures- 12 New Zealand white male rabbits were divided into 3 groups. These groups were as follows: Control (bone defect without any treatment), PAAH/NHA (embedding of PAAH/NHA scaffolds in the bone defect) and PAAH/NHA +ADMSCs (embedding of PAAH/NHA scaffolds with stem cells derived from adipose tissue in the bone defect). The rabbits were anesthetized and 15 mm bone defects were created on the radius. According to the group, PAAH/NHA scaffold and PAAH/NHA +ADMSCs were implanted into the defects. The animals were euthanized 12 weeks after surgery and histopathologic studies were carried out. Results - microscopic examination revealed significant increase in new bone formation in PAAH/NHA + ADMSCs than PAAH/NHA. Conclusion and Clinical relevance- The results of this study showed that the use of stem cells derived from adipose tissue implanted on PAAH/NHA scaffold can improve osteogenesis.