Screening Colonoscopy in First-degree Relatives of Patients with Colorectal Cancer

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality, has earned the attention of healthcare systems widely. Screening programs are designed to detect patients at risk as effectively as possible. One of the major CRC risk factors is having a family member with diagnosed CRC. Aim: To investigate the association between presence of polyps on colonoscopy and family history of CRC. DESIGN an‎d METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study in which the data was collected from colonoscopy reports of patients with/without familial history of CRC in Masoud private clinic, Tehran, Iran from October 1, 2011 to October 1, 2012. The association between presence of colorectal polyps on colonoscopy and family history of CRC was then assessed. RESULTS: A total of 210 patients were included in the study, constituting two groups with/without familial history of CRC with a 1:1 ratio (105 subjects in each group). Compared to subjects with a negative family history of CRC, a 2.7-fold (CI 95%: 1.2–6.24) fold increase was observed in those with a positive family history to have colorectal polyps. In multivariate regression analysis, family history of CRC was the only independent variable associated with presence of colorectal polyps (odds ratio: 3.12, CI 95%:1.22–8). CONCLUSION: A positive family history of CRC is a risk factor for colorectal polyps.