Comparison of oil and fatty acid composition of seed, shoot and in-vitro regenerated organs of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. var. Sahel)

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a source of edible oil and fatty acids (FAs). In this study, embryos’ explants were cultured in MS medium with different concentration of plant growth regulators (phytohormones) include BA, IAA, IBA, 2, 4- D and NAA, to finding the relationship of hormone and organogenesis with oil and FAs content. Oil was extracted with chloroform and methanol. FAs of oil were esterificated and methylated for GC-MS analysis. The seeds and shoots oil were 36.1 and 4.5%. Oil of regenerated shoots (33.3%) in T2 with 0.25 BA and 5 mgl-1 IAA was higher than to seeds, shoots and all regenerated organs. Unsaturated FAs increased in some treatments depending on the type of phytohormone and organogenesis. Amounts of all FAs of regenerated root of T4 in BA/IBA were lesser than to other samples. Our results showed that Sahel cultivar of cotton can synthesize 12 types of FAs, but some of those FAs are made under certain conditions depending on the type and concentration of phytohormones and organogenesis.