Protective effects of prebiotic in zebrafish, Danio rerio, under experimental exposure to Chlorpyrifos

The current study estimated the immunotoxicological effects of the herbicide chlorpyrifos at sub-lethal concentration and the potential ameliorative effects of galactooligosaccharide (GOS) in Danio rerio. Fish was sampled after a 56-days feeding with GOS and then exposed to 15 mg/l chlorpyrifos for 7-days to assess the non-specific immune responses (total protein, immunoglobulin and ALP activity). The results revealed that feeding zebrafish with 1% dietary GOS increased total protein levels (P 0.05), but no significant effect was noticed between groups fed 0.5 and 2% GOS and control (P 0.05). There were significant difference between total immunoglobulin levels 1% and control group (P 0.05). Furthermore, in case of ALP activity no significant alteration was noticed between GOS fed fish and control (P 0.05). The present findings revealed that dietary supplementation with GOS could be useful for modulation of the immunity in response to chlorpyrifos exposure, thereby presenting a promising feed additive in aquaculture