An Investigation on the Pharmacological Profile of Titanium (IV) and Aluminum (III) 8Hydroxyquinoline Derivatives Grafted on MCM41 Mesoporous Silica

Introduction: Regarding the increasing applications of nanomedicine in clinical practice, we aimed to assess the antibacterial and antifungal effects of nanocomposite complexes of titanium (IV) and aluminum (III). Methods: 8hydroxyquinoline and 5chloro8hydroxyquinoline were treated with titanium (IV) and Aluminum (III) alkoxide reagents to generate (Q)2 (2BuO) Al (Q = 8hydroxyquinoline and 5chloro8hydroxyquinoline) and (Q)2 (Oi Pr)2 Ti (Q = 5chloro8hydroxyquinoline) complexes. These active complexes were grafted on MCM41 mesoporous silica in order to improve the overall toxicity and stability of them. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of the compounds were assessed. Results: The prepared materials were stable both under air and high temperature (at least up to 200°C). These nanocomposites were well dispersed in water. It was observed that (QCl)2Ti@MCM41 nanocomposite had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations of 50, 75 and 120 ppm while at the 75, and 120 ppm concentrations against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The Q2Al@MCM41 weakly inhibited the bacterial growth of E. coli at 75 and 120 ppm concentrations. (QCl)2Al@MCM41 did not show any antibacterial activity at any concentration. Moreover, (QCl)2Ti@MCM41 and (QCl)2Al@MCM41 showed considerable antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 50, 75, 120, and 150 ppm concentrations. The nanoparticles partly inhibited the growth of Kluyveromyces marxianus and Macrophomina phaseolina fungi at 150 ppm concentration. Conclusion: The results showed that the antimicrobial (bacterium and fungi) effect of the titanium and aluminum nanocomposite complexes can be improved in the solid state using appropriate chlorine substituent on the 8hydroxyquinoline ligand and grafting to the mesoporous silica.