A Methodology Study of the Concept of Spirituality in Tourism According to Fuzzy Logic

Studying the concept of spirituality in tourism is neither a new approach nor a study of a particular kind of tourism or simply a religious perspective to tourism. Rather, it is an indicator of spiritual contents that today’s tourism is submerged in to discover and attain non-material values and the reality during the length of its journey. This research offers a new perspective in the study of the methodology of tourism studies with a descriptive-analytical approach, conjunctive view while using library documentation and a review of theoretical foundations according to the fuzzy logic methodology. The fuzzy logic theory possesses a more precise capacity to explain and analyze concepts and phenomena and also a spectral reading of phenomena that uses the binary numbers of 0 and 1 as the extreme points of reality and accepts that there are infinite points of reality between the two of them; therefore, in order to more precisely and comprehensively understand reality, one must have a hierarchical view toward the phenomena. With this approach, spirituality in tourism includes a great variety of concepts and elements that are all ambiguous and graded. These elements include reasoning and probing, religious denomination and beliefs, mutual relations, and quality of life and culture. The propositions of spirituality in tourism essentially exist in both fuzzy and spectral logic, not just with fuzzy logic because of the essential ambiguity existing in concepts and elements and their metaphysical aspects. Therefore, this study is built upon the studies related to spirituality in tourism conducted through the fuzzy logic methodologies. According to the obtained results, this important approach must be paid attention so that the great capacities of spirituality in tourism in the areas of knowledge and action can be correctly utilized.