Designing of stand‑alone hybrid PV/wind/battery system using improved crow search algorithm considering reliability index

In this paper, the design of a hybrid renewable energy PV/wind/battery system is proposed for improving the load supplyreliability over a study horizon considering the Net Present Cost (NPC) as the objective function to minimize. The NPCincludes the costs related to the investment, replacement, operation, and maintenance of the hybrid system. The consideredreliability index is the defcit power-hourly interruption probability of the load demand. The decision variables are the number of PV panels, wind turbines and batteries, capacity of transferred power by inverter, angle of PV panels, and wind towerheight. To solve the optimization problem, a new algorithm named improved crow search algorithm (ICSA) is proposed.The design of the system is done for Zanjan city, Iran based on real data of solar radiation and wind speed of this area. Theperformance of the proposed ICSA is compared with crow search algorithm (CSA) and particle swarm optimization methodsin diferent combinations of system. This comparison shows that the proposed ICSA algorithm has better performance thanother methods.