The effect of temperature and type of peroxide on graphene synthesized by improved Hummers’ method

The effects of temperature and the type of peroxide used in improved Hummers’ method for synthesis of graphene oxide were investigated. Two different temperatures of 60 and 75 C were examined and the performance of H2O2 and 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane as peroxides was compared. Scanning electron microscope, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–vis absorption, Raman, and X-ray diffraction were utilized to characterize the properties of the as-prepared graphene samples. The results of this study revealed that the temperature is of the most importance in the synthesis process.