Comparison of Sleep Quality Indices in Patients with Opium and Methamphetamine Addiction

Background and Objective: Sleep and sleep-related indices can be altered in substance users especially methamphetamine and opioid users. Studies have shown that sleep in substance users does not change uniformly. The aim of this study was to compare sleep and related indices in patients with opium and methamphetamine addiction. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 143 opium and methamphetamine addicts who referred to four addiction treatment clinics in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2018-2019, were evaluated by four sleep questionnaires including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Berlin Questionnaire (BQ). Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups in the number of female participants, age of participants, education level, and years of substance use (P 0.05). Patients with opium addiction, compared to methamphetamine users, had a poorer sleep quality, symptoms of insomnia, and sleepiness in everyday situations. Conclusion: The type of substance can affect the type of sleep problems experienced by individuals. Interventions in the future should be tailored to personalized problems of sleep, depending on the type of substance (opium or methamphetamine).