Teucrium polium L. Improves Blood Glucose and Lipids and Ameliorates Oxidative Stress in Heart and Aorta of Diabetic Rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prime risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The convincing experimental and clinical evidence indicated that the onset of DM is closely associated with oxidative stress and that the generation of reactive oxygen species increases in both the types of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Teucrium polium (TP) hydroalcoholic extract on the blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and oxidative stress markers of the heart and aorta in streptozotocin (STZ)‑induced diabetic rats. Methods: The male Wistar rats assigned into six groups (n = 8 in each group): Control, diabetic, and diabetic rats treated with TP extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) or met and metformin (300 mg/kg) formin (300 mg/kg) group, by daily gavage for 6 weeks. Diabetes was induced by injection of STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p). Serum lipids and glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, total thiol level, and also the activities of Cu, Zn‑superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cardiac and aortic tissues were assessed. Results: TP extract reduced serum glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol. The MDA levels were reduced significantly in all TP‑treated groups and metformin. Total thiol levels were improved in the heart and aorta of TP extract‑treated groups and metformin compared to the diabetic rats. The activity of SOD in the cardiac and aortic tissues of TP extract‑ and metformin‑treated groups was higher than diabetic group. Conclusions: The results showed that chronic administration of TP in STZ‑induced diabetic rats could decrease blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride and also attenuate the oxidative stress in the aortic and cardiac tissues.