Self-Concept in Children with Primary Nocturnal Enuresis and Related Influencing Factors

Enuresis is a very common developmental disorder which refers to intermittent incontinence occurring in children aged 5 yr old and above during periods of sleep . Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (PNE) occurs in children who have never been consistently dry throughout the night . Although it does not cause any physical limitations in the life of children, enuresis is one of the most common chronic problems which could cause psychological disorders, such as behavioural problems, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders , and anxiety disorders. To our knowledge, the relationship between selfperception and enuresis remains controversial and needs further investigation.