How I Can Suspect of Mycobacteria Infection in Breast Implant Surgery?

Infection is a possible complication in breast implant surgery especially during the first six months after surgery.1 In 2014, Committee of Security of the Mexican Society of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery published the results of a survey about Infections in Breast Implants in the society members. The most common organism involved were Staphylococcus, especially species S. aureus and S. epidermidis. Other type of bacteria were reported as Pseudomonas, E. coli, Streptococcus, Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Mycobacteria.1 The symptoms, diagnoses and treatment of non-tuberculous or atypical Mycobacteria i n b reast i mplants were p reviously r eported.2 In one survey, 6.5% of the surgeons reported at least one case of Mycobacteria.3 M. xenopi usually causes lung disease. There are some reports about wrist tenosivitis or soft tissue infection.3 The following case represents the first know report of M. xenopi as cause of breast implant infection.