Different methods of forging; applications and obstacles

Forging is a manufacturing process that consists of shaping the metal using localized compression forces. The blows are delivered with a hammer (often an electric hammer) or a die. In this paper, different methods of forging (multi-directional forging, hot forging, near-beta forging, multi-axial forging, direct powder forging, warm forging and ring forging) are discussed. The main problems that may be encountered by users are investigated. In some cases, the problems are being solved by researchers in which the process is presented. Afterwards, one of the main applications of forging process, blade forging, is discussed. Furthermore, forging process’s effect on mechanical properties of components has been investigated. In this review paper, readers could find important information about forging process and get familiar with some forging methods and their impact on the properties of the components. and readers also can develop some ideas about how to solve the main obstacles of forging process.