Determination of Allelic Compositions of Glu-1 and Glu-3 Loci in Bread Wheat Genotypes

Breeding high-quality wheat cultivars is one of the main targets of breeding programs. Identification of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits (HMW-GS) and Low Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits (LMW-GS) alleles that confer high quality may be one of the easy ways to determine promising wheat lines in early generations. HMW-GS and LMW-GS alleles of 64 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes from a Turkish breeding program including advanced lines and cultivars were identified using Sodium- Dodecyl-Sulfate PolyAcrylamide Gel (SDS-PAGE) electrophoresis method. In total, 26 alleles were identified including three alleles at the Glu-A1 locus, 6 alleles at the Glu-B1 locus, 2 alleles at the Glu-D locus, 6 alleles at the Glu-A3 locus, 7 at the Glu-B3 locus, and 2 alleles at the Glu-D3 locus. The most prevalent alleles among the 64 genotypes in the study were 2* (67.2%), 7+9 (42.2%), 5+10 (68.8%), A3c (28.1%), B3b (35.9%), and D3c (92.2%). The previously announced good flour quality conferring alleles 1, 17+18, 5+10 at Glu-1 loci and A3b, A3c, B3b, B3c, B3d, B3g at Glu-3 loci were also identified in the present study, indicating that these alleles can be used as markers for selection of higherquality genotypes in wheat breeding programs. Introduction of the allele structure of the studied genotypes may enlighten the way for the wheat breeders in the crossing decisions.