Long-Term Survival in the Concomitant Evolution of Two Cancers: The Idiopathic Myelofibrosis and the Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma; A Case Report

Introduction: The association of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasia with urogenital cancer is rare (1.6% - 1.9%), with the death risk of 1.21 - 2.28 times higher in patients with solid cancer and chronic myeloproliferative disease. Case Presentation:We present the case of a patient diagnosed with triple-negative idiopathic myelofibrosis treated and monitored at the Department of Hematology of the Clinical Emergency County Hospital, Brasov, Romania. After five years of idiopathic myelofibrosis, which was treated with hydroxyurea, a second solid neoplasia was identified as left renal cell carcinoma in Robson stage I. The complete remission of the renal carcinoma was achieved with the left nephrectomy sustained for a duration of approximately four years, overlapping with the partial remission of myelofibrosis under treatment with ruxolitinib. The recovery of the renal carcinoma significantly influenced myelofibrosis therapy and subsequently led to the patient’s development. The global survival, in this case, is 124 months for myelofibrosis and 64 months for the concomitant evolution of the two cancers. Conclusions: Despite a number of peculiarities (age at diagnosis and complications during the treatment of two cancers), the patient had a prolonged survival.