The Effect of Body Mass Index, Age, Weight, and Psychosocial Status on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women on Hemodialysis

Background: Decreased bone mass, often measured using bone mineral density (BMD) is frequently seen in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. It may cause serious bone health problems such as fractures. Several risk factors of low bone mass in the patients on hemodialysis have been proposed including age and body mass index (BMI). Our current study explored the relationship between BMI, age, sociodemographic status, and BMD among postmenopausal women on hemodialysis. Methods: This study enrolled postmenopausal women on hemodialysis whose bone densitometry was checked and assessed with the age, BMI, and social status. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software. Results: Sixty participants with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age of 57.00 ± 10.63 years were enrolled. After adjustment of sex and age, normal-weight women had 2 times the prevalence of low bone density compared to the obese women [prevalence ratio (PR) = 2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4–2.8]. For osteoporosis, the PR was also twice higher for the women with normal BMI (PR = 2, 95% CI: 1.3-2.8) and 1.6 times higher for the overweight group than the women in the obese group (PR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3-2.4). Conclusion: Among the women on hemodialysis, obese women have lower prevalence of osteoporosis than normal-weight cases.