An Approach to Identify and Evaluate Congestion in Data Envelopment Analysis

Congestion indicates an economic state where inputs are overly invested. Evidence of congestion occurs whenever reducing some inputs can increase outputs. In this paper, we present a new model to identify and evaluate congestion in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). We use output efficient DMUs to construct our proposed model to evaluate congestion. We also proposed a linear inequality and equality system to identify the occurrence of congestion. Finally, three numerical examples are presented to illustrate the use of our proposed method.