Ceftazidime Loading on Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA): Release Kinetic and Enhanced Antimicrobial Effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Background and Objective: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections. This study was planned to produce a new antimicrobial complex (ceftazidime loaded EDTA) and assess its release kinetic and antimicrobial effects on P. aeruginosa. Materials and Methods: The loading of ceftazidime on EDTA was performed and confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The evaluation of drug release was performed by using dialyze method at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after ceftazidime loading on EDTA. The antimicrobial effect of the new drug on P. aeruginosa was investigated by macrodilution and well diffusion methods. Results: FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated ceftazidime loading on EDTA about 26.01 mol%. Evaluation of ceftazidime release indicated a gradual rise in drug release up to 8 h reaching 96% after 72 h. Well diffusion assay demonstrated an enhanced antimicrobial effect of ceftazidime after loading on EDTA in comparison with ceftazidime alone. MIC and MBC of ceftazidime alone determined 2 and 4 µg/ml, respectively. MIC of the new antimicrobial complex was 0.5 µg/ml and its MBC was 1 µg/ml signifying the enhancement effect of EDTA on antibacterial activity of ceftazidime. Conclusion: Our results showed that EDTA is potentially advantageous in controlling the release of ceftazidime as well as enhancing its antimicrobial effect against P. aeruginosa.