Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Transcription Factors and Inflammatory Cytokines in Elective Aortic Aneurysm Repair Surgery

Background: Aortic clamping during abdominal aortic aneurysm repair surgery leads to complications such as systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) and dysfunction in various vital organs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine infusion on transcription factors and inflammatory cytokines during elective open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair surgery. Materials and Methods: A prospective, clinical trial performed on patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery, which were divided into two groups (dexmedetomidine, 8 patients and control, 12 patients). Demographic characteristics, biochemical laboratory variables, fluid and blood transfusions during surgery, and levels of inflammatory cytokines and expression of inflammatory genes were evaluated and compared in both groups. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding demographic characteristics, biochemical laboratory variables, fluids, and blood transfusions during surgery (P> 0.05). The level of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of inflammatory genes in both groups decreased significantly after surgery (P <0.05). However, the level of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of inflammatory genes in the dexmedetomidine group were significantly lower at the end of the surgery (P <0.05). Conclusion: In abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery, dexmedetomidine could significantly reduce complications of clamping during surgery, which may result in hemodynamic stability and prevent significant inflammatory response to surgical stress and organ damage following ischemia-reperfusion damage.