Ripple transport and neoclassical diffusion in IR‑T1 tokamak

In tokamaks, small variations in the magnetic field create ripple. The discontinuous nature of the magnetic field coils in an axisymmetric torus conduces to additional particle trapping, and it is responsible for an additional neoclassical diffusion. Ripples also reduce the particle removal efficiency and disturb plasma confinement and cause constraints in the design of magnet of fusion reactor. Therefore, it is quite important to include the ripple for the design of plasma edge components. Herein, several considerations are taken into account to calculate and evaluate the diffusion coefficient and ion heat conductivity in ripple transport and also to compare it with neoclassical mode.