Comparison of the efficacy of prednisolone, montelukast, and omalizumab in an experimental allergic rhinitis model

Aim: To compare the efficacy of prednisolone, montelukast, and omalizumab in reducing allergic symptoms and inflammation at tissue level in an experimental allergic rhinitis model. Materials and methods: Forty Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into 5 groups as naive (NS/NC), sensitized/challenged (S/C) by subcutaneous ovalbumin antigen injection, and montelukast-, prednisolone-, and omalizumab-treated groups. A nasal allergen challenge was performed every day from day 20 to day 26. The number of sneezes and nasal/eye rubbing movements, IL-4 and CysLT levels in serum, nasal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids determined by ELISA, and histopathological findings of nasal mucosa, sinus, and lung tissues were compared. Results: All of the treatments significantly controlled the allergic symptoms of sneezing and nasal/eye rubbing (P 0.05). IL-4 and CysLT levels on days 20 and 26 were significantly higher in the S/C group compared to the NS/NC group (P 0.05). Montelukast significantly decreased serum and nasal IL-4 and CysLT levels (P 0.05), prednisolone decreased nasal lavage IL-4 and CysLT levels (P 0.05), and omalizumab lowered nasal lavage CysLT levels (P 0.05). Conclusion: Prednisolone, montelukast, and omalizumab were found to be effective in controlling the allergic symptoms of allergic rhinitis and upper/lower airway inflammation in an experimental allergic rhinitis model.