PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SOME EARLY POTATO VARIETIES DEPENDING ON PLANTING RATE IN CONDITIONS OF MIDDLE PREDURALIE

The article deals with the data about productivity and quality of early varieties of potato: “Zhukovskii early”, “Red Scarlett”, “Udacha”, “Rosalind” depending on the planting rate. The trial was established on the sod-podzolic middle-loamy middle-cultivated soil in 2013 and 2014. The planned potato productivity of 35 t/ha was achieved in the variety Zhukovskii early and Rosalind 35.7 t/ha and 38.7 t/ha respectively, with the density of planting 71.4 thousand tubers/ha. Potato variety Rosalind also provided productivity of 35.8 t/ha in the variant with density of 57.1 thousand tubers/ha. Potato early maturity varieties Red Scarlett and Udacha formed up to 30 t/ha, and did not respond by the increase of tuber yield at densities from 41 to 71 thousand tubers/ha. The highest productivity was obtained by increasing the average potato tuber mass and increased density of potato plants on hectare. The content of the marketable fraction in varieties did not differ and ranged from 76 to 81%. With planting overcrowding the varieties did not have a marketable fraction decrease in harvest. The starch content of the variants did not differ, and it was at the level of 11-13%. Thus, it was found that on sod-podzolic middle-loamy soil to achieve the potato tuber yield of 35 t/ha in early potato variety Zhukovskii early the density of 71 thousand tubers/ha is needed, while for variety Rosalind density of 57 thousand tubers/ha is enough.