The effect of coenzyme Q10 on age-related changes of thedistal colon mucosa of male albino rats: a histological andimmunohistochemical study

IntroductionAging is associated with a number of diverse effects on the colon leading todeterioration in its functions. The reactive oxygen species have been suggested asan important factor in aging. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a vitamin-like substance,endogenously synthesized inside the cell. It serves as an antioxidant. CoQ10decreases gradually with aging.Aim of WorkThe aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CoQ10 in age-related histologicalchanges of the distal colon of male albino rats.Materials and methodsA total of 20 male albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into threegroups: group I, group II, and group III. Group I comprised 10 rats aged 4±1 months,which served as the control group. Group II (the aged group) comprised five ratsaged 18±1 months. Group III comprised five rats of similar age as that of group II andreceived CoQ10 daily through the intraperitoneal route at a dose of 5 mg/kg bodyweight/day for 8 weeks. Specimens of the distal colon were excised and paraffinsections were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical staining.ResultsIn aged rats (group II), the mucosa showed discontinuity and loss of surfaceepithelium with increased intraepithelial lymphocytes. There was significant decreasein the number of PAS-positive (periodic acid Schiff) goblet cells, with abnormalproliferation within the crypt. Intense immunopositive stain for tumor necrosis factor-αwas detected in the mucosa. Extensive mononuclear cellular infiltration was eminentwithin the lamina propria. Significant increase in collagen fibers was detected inthe lamina propria of the distal colon. In group III, the mucosa appeared intact withminimal cellular infiltration. PAS-positive goblet cells were nearly similar to thoseof controls. Immunopositive reaction for tumor necrosis factor-α was significantlydecreased compared with group II. Significant decrease in collagen fiber content wasseen in the lamina propria.ConclusionThe administration of CoQ10 improved age-related histological changes thatoccurred in the distal colon of rats.