Renal Tuberculosis in a Four-Year-Old Child

Tuberculosis of the genitourinary tract is one of the late reactivation or complications of pulmonery tuberculosis which is mostly prevalent In young adults and middle-aged people. Renal tuberculosis is rare in children. We present a 4 year-old Afghan girl suffering from pulmonary and renal tuberculosis. The child presented to the hospital with severe malnutrition, fever and cough which initiated a month earlier. She had a history of close contact with her mother who was a smear positive TB patient. Radiologic findings in her chest x-ray were pulmonary infiltration in the right lower lobe along with n ght hilar adenopathy. The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was made based on the systemic and pulmonary signs and symptoms as well as the bacteriologic examinations. Anti-tuberculosis drugs were given to the child and after obtaining intravenous pyelography (lVP), voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) and kidney CT-scan; the diagnosis of renal tuberculosis in addition to pulmonary tuberculosis was made. Urinary symptoms were treated by anti- tuberculous therapy. (Tanaffos 2006; 5(4): 71-74)