Percutaneous closure of a secundum atrial septal defect through femoral approach in an adult patient with interrupted inferior vena cava and azygos continuation

Percutaneous closure of an isolated secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) has become the first-line treatment in patients with sufficient rims (1). In patients with secundum ASD, the intervention is mostly performed through the femoral vein. However, in some cases, such as those of an interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) and stenosed iliac or femoral vein thromboses, the femoral vein approach is not reliable. Transhepatic or transjugular approach may be preferred in these cases (2, 3). We present a case report of percutaneous ASD closure in an adult with interrupted IVC using the femoral venous approach.