Relationship between Plasma Antioxidant Status and Leptin in Controlled and Non-Controlled Type 2 Diabetic Non-Obese Women

It is an established fact that diabetes in duces oxidative stress; obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and increased leptin levels. Insulin has been suggested to be a regulator of in vivo leptin secretion, while hyperin- sulinaemia is a feature of T2DM. Our study aimed at determining the relationship between plasma antioxidant status and leptin in controlled and non-controlled T2DM non obese women. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five non- obese (BMI 26kg/m2) women with T2DM, 34 controlled (HbAlc 6%) and 31 non-controlled (HbAlc 8%), between the ages of 25-55 years were recruited for the study. Plasma levels of leptin, a-tocopherol, retinol, total antioxidant status (TAS), lipid peroxidation [Malondialde- hyde(MDA)], fasting plasma glucose(FPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbAlc %), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) were determined for all enrol- lees. Results: Mean±SD plasma a-tocopherol and TAS for non-controlled T2DM subjects were significantly reduced compared to the controlled (p 0.01). However, the mean± SD plasma leptin and MDA for the non-controlled T2DM subjects were significantly increased compared to the controlled (r=-0.23, p 0.05) and for the non-controlled (r=-0.51, p 0.01) T2DM group. Likewise, there was an inverse correlation between leptin and a- tocopherol for the controlled (r=-0.25, p 0.05) and for the non-controlled (r=-0.49, p 0.01) T2DM groups. However, a direct correlation between leptin and MDA was found for the controlled (r=0.21, p 0.05) and for the non- controlled (r=0.47, p 0.01) T2DM subjects. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that oxidative stress and leptin are associated with risk of T2DM and could be a target for insulin sensitization to prevent diabetes and its complications