Spatial Analysis to Identify Pedestrian Crash Zones: A Case Study ofSchool Zones in Thailand

Background:In Thailand, it has the second highest road traffic fatality rate in the world at 36.2 deaths per 100,000 populations. The pedestriancrash zones are based on the road and physical environment, vehicle and driver behavior and pedestrian behavior, especially the areaaround the school. Therefore, this paper would like to improve safety by identifying crash area through Geographic InformationSystems (GIS). Objective:The objective of this paper is to identify pedestrian crash zones of primary schools and secondary schools in Bangkok, Thailandthrough the spatial analysis and GIS tool. Method:The research methodology was the data collection from pedestrian-vehicle crashes in 2016 at 12 schools of 1,218 locations inBangkok. The data analysis used GIS for geocoding the crash locations. The spatial patterns and pedestrian crash zone map wereapplied by Moran’s I statistic and the Kernel Density Estimation (KDE). Results:The Moran’s index showed that the accident locations within school zone were a clustered pattern considering on Moran’s Indexwhich approached +1 and the z-scores greater than 2.58. The KDE showed that the pedestrian crash zones were different dependingon the physical environment; however, the most significant areas were at urban areas, crowded areas, and intersections of arterialroads and local roads about 508 meters from the school center. Conclusion:This research could be concluded that the spatial patterns and pedestrian crash zone map will assist the transportation planners andtraffic police for identifying crash locations and specific vulnerable road users, especially pedestrians and bicycle users.