Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects of Ethanol and Aceton Leaf Extract of Momordica charantia and Tecomella undulata against Acinetobacter baumannii

Background: This study considered the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and the presence of antibacterial agents in plants. Objectives: The aim of this study was studying the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of Tecomella undulata and Momordica charantia ethanol and aceton leaf extract on antibiotic resistance Acinetobacter baumannii. Methods: The leaves of Tecomella undulata and Momordica charantia were collected from Saravan city and extracted by rotary machine. Acinetobacter baumannii strains were collected from urine specimens of Imam Khomeini and Ali-ibn-Abi-Talib Hospitals. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by micro dilution method. Results: The lowest MIC and MBC of ethanol leaf extract of Tecomella undulata was 0.62 and 1.25mg/mL, respectivelly. The lowest MIC and MBC of aceton leaf extract of Tecomella undulata was 0.31 and 0.62mg/mL, respectivelly. The lowest MIC and MBC of ethanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia was 1.25 and 2.5 mg/mL, respectivelly. The lowest MIC and MBC of aceton leaf extract of Momordica charantia was 0.31 and 0.62 mg/mL, respectivelly. The resistance of the strains was to amoxiclavanic (10%), ampicillin (20%), gentamicin (0%), ceftazidime (0%) and nitromicin (0%) antibiotics. The aceton extract had more effect on Acinetobacter baumannii than ethanolic extract. The effect of Momordica charantia and Tecomella undulata against Acinetobacter baumannii were the same. Conclusion: Considering the results obtained and increasing resistance of bacteria to chemical antibiotics, it is suggested that bacterial compositions of these plants can be used to treat bacteria.