Chemical Composition of Urinary Tract Stones: Experience at a Referral Center of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province

Objective: To find out the chemical composition of urinary tract stones in patients attending our institute. Study Design: Descriptive case series study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Institute of Kidney diseases (IKD), Peshawar from May 2009 to December 2010. Materials and Methods: The study included all patients of either gender and all ages who were diagnosed to have urinary tract stones and were managed at our centre. Patients who did not consent to participate in the study were excluded. Chemical analysis of stones was performed on stones passed spontaneously, stone/fragment/gravel passed after ESWL or stone/fragments retrieved after endourological intervention or open surgery. Results were reviewed and analyzed with the help of SPSS 11. Results: Out of 138 patients, 105 were male (76.1%) and 33 (23.9%) were female. Pure calcium oxalate calculi were found in 53 cases (38.4%). Pure uric acid calculi were found in 13 cases (9.4%). Calcium oxalate mixed with uric acid was found in 29 cases(21%). 24 Patients were having Magnesium ammonium Phosphate stones(17.4%). Stones containing both Calcium Oxalate and Calcium Phosphate were present in 16 patients(11.6%). Three patients (2.2%) were having stones containing Calcium Oxalate, Calcium Phosphate and Uric acid. Conclusion: Calcium containing mixed stones constitute the commonest variety of urinary tract calculi in our local population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province.