Author/Authors :
Ja’afar, Ja’afar Nuhu Universiti Sains Malaysia - Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM) - Typhoid and other Enteric Diseases Cluster, Malaysia , Goay, Yuan Xin Universiti Sains Malaysia - Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM) - Typhoid and other Enteric Diseases Cluster, Malaysia , Zaidi, Nur Fatihah Mohammed Universiti Sains Malaysia - Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM) - Typhoid and other Enteric Diseases Cluster, Malaysia , Low, Heng Chin Universiti Sains Malaysia - School of Mathematical Sciences, Malaysia , Mat Hussin, Hani Kelantan State Health Department, Malaysia , Hamzah, Wan Mansor Kelantan State Health Department, Malaysia , Bhore, Subhash Janardhan AIMST University - Faculty of Applied Sciences - Department of Biotechnology, Malaysia , Balaram, Prabha QUEST International University Perak, Malaysia , Ismail, Asma Universiti Sains Malaysia - Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM) - Typhoid and other Enteric Diseases Cluster, Malaysia , Phua, Kia Kien Universiti Sains Malaysia - Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM) - Typhoid and other Enteric Diseases Cluster, Malaysia
Abstract :
Aim: Despite the endemicity of typhoid in Kelantan, epidemiological data showing typhoid association to age, sex, ethnicity and district of patients is limited. This retrospective study investigated the statistical association of these variables from a retrieved registry. Methodology and results: Cross-tabulation using SPSS was used to analyze 1394 cases of confirmed typhoid patients admitted to various hospitals in Kelantan state over a six-year period. Fourteen age groups with a five-year range interval were generated. There was a significant association between typhoid infection and sex of subjects, whereby females were generally more susceptible than males. Ethnicity and district of typhoid patients did not show significant association. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The observation of an increased number of typhoid cases with a male predominance in the age group 5-14 and female predominance in the 20-60 age group calls for improved hygiene, continued public health education, together with better laboratory diagnostics to identify carriers, are some measures to control this disease.
Keywords :
Salmonella Typhi , Kelantan , Malaysia , retrospective study , typhoid
