Estimation of Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is built of thousands of interconnected nodes that do specific duties. Each node has a sensor that monitors environmental conditions in order to receive data and pass them through the network to a main location. The function of the main location is to analyse the obtained data of sensor nodes and decide about them. In many cases, position recognition of nodes is needed. A very simple solution is to utilize several nodes as an anchor node with the determined positions. Anchor nodes are distributing the information about localization using grid scan with the information of anchor nodes within the networks and other nodes can detect their positions by using localization of the anchor node. To estimate positions, the measurement of distances or angles between sensor node and anchor s node is needed. The most common type of distance measurement is the decreasing-strength technique of received signal strength indicator (RSSI), the usage of the angle of arrival (AOA) and time difference of arrival (TDOA) techniques. In the present paper, aforementioned techniques and their effectiveness have been investigated. Based on the obtained results, RSSI technique have a better performance rather than other techniques in the less noisy environments without a hitch.