Optimization of Non-Stick Insect Repellent Cream Formulation

Abstract: Nowadays, insect repellents are widely used by consumers, especially insect repellents that are produced from natural-based such as citronella, as insects especially mosquitoes are well- known as disease carriers to human. Since the component of insect repellents could not be applied directly to human skin, base cream with insect repellents need to be formulated. The quality of the base cream is directly linked to the basic material used in the formulation. Varying the ratio of the ingredient used determines the final product characteristic. In this work, various compositions of carbopol, triethylamide, glycerine, water, and ethanol were used to prepare the base cream formulations. D-optimal mixture design was performed to obtain the optimum formulation. Twenty- five combination components were selected according to the D-optimal criterion. The consumer acceptance and physical properties of the base cream such as viscosity, drying time stickiness were studied. Three-dimensional surface plots were formed to assess the change in the response surface and to understand the effect of the mixture composition on lipstick characteristics. The result indicates that there are relationships between the processing variables of the lipstick formulation and the consumer acceptance.