Role of Fruit Waste and Flavanones-Loaded Silica Nanoparticles in Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Histological Changes in Rat Brain Induced by Acrylamide

Acrylamide (AA) is a known industrial toxic chemical formed during the heating process of foods contain carbohydrates and proteins. AA produced neurotoxicity characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration. This study was designed to investigate the effects of nanoparticles biosynthesized using fruit waste material and two isolated flavanones on AAinduced neuronal damage in Wistar rats. The enzyme activities of oxidative stress biomarkers included superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were significantly increased. Also, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased while the reduced glutathione (GSH) level decreased following AA treatment. AA administered rats showed increased levels of lipidperoxidative product and total proteincarbonyl content, and hydroperoxide, which were significantly modulated by the supplementation of silica nanoparticles (SNs) of hesperitin (Hst) and naringenin (Nrg). The present data showed amelioration with the activities of enzymes antioxidants and levels of reduced glutathione, which were lowered in AA-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Histological observation in rat s brain architecture represented the protective role of SNs of Citrus aurantium albedo extract (CAE), Hst-SNs, and Nrg-SNs in AA-induced neuronal damage. This study provides evidence for the neuroprotective effect of the investigated flavanones on AA-induced neurotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress, up-regulating brain antioxidant status, and diminished brain damage.