ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS UPTAKE IN BALADY BREAD PRODUCED FROM WHEAT CULTIVATED ON FISH PONDS DURING THE WINTER SEASON

This study aimed to study the effect of exploitation of fish ponds in the cultivation of wheat during the winter season on uptake heavy metal accumulation in balady bread prepared from produced wheat. Six earthen ponds (4200 m²) were used in this study for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus ) and wheat was cultured in these ponds for increase the overall yield per feddan. Fish were exposed to three treatments as follow: The first treatment fish were fed on artificial feed 25% crude protein only, in the second treatment fish were fed on artificial feed 25% crude protein with inorganic fertilization and in the third treatment fish were fed on artificial feed 25% crude protein with organic fertilization. Some Heavy metals (HMs) which may caused hazard effects on human health (Hg, As, Fe, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn and Cd) were measured in water irrigation, soil, wheat grains and bread. The obtained result to revealed that the highest significant increase in all parameters resulted in organic fertilization. Heavy metals Cd, As and Hg concentrations were exceeded than the permissible limits in water. The concentrations of heavy metals lower than the safe limits at soil (expect Hg, As) , in wheat flour and bread. Health risk index (HRI) of Hg and As can reach to hazard level in bread and can affect on human being health. It was suggested to pay more attention on the potential added threat of HMs to the health of country inhabitants through consumption of wheat cultivated in fish ponds.