Antiproliferative Activity of Black Seed (Nigella sativa) on 7,12-dimethylbenz-[a]antracene (DMBA) Induced Mice Lung Cell

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in the world. Nigella sativa is a plant that has an anticancer activity. Previous research showed that the chloroform extract of N. sativa have cytotoxic effect on T47D cells. This study aimed to observe the effect of cloroform extract of N. sativa seed (NSS) on mice lung cell after initiation of 7,12- dimethylbenz [a] anthracene. Sprague Dawley strain female rats were divided into five groups. Each group consisted of 12 rats. The experiment consisted of five mice groups, corn oil as a solvent control group, the DMBA dose 20 mg/kgBW p.o. twice a week during five weeks, DMBA+NSS dose 250 mg/kgBW, DMBA+NSS dose 500 mg/kgBW, and DMBA+NSS dose 750 mg/kgBW. Extract which was dissolved into corn oil was administered daily by the oral route 1 week before and during the DMBA induction. At the end of the study, the experimental mice were sacrified and colon organs were collected and then stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H E) and AgNOR method. H E staining showed there was a decrease damage in the treatment group compare with DMBA group. In AgNOR staining result showed mAgNOR value in DMBA group was 1.47±0.558, in extract group (250, 500 and 750mg/kgBB) was 0.44±0.172, 1.38±0.140 and 1.25±0.164 respectively and in corn oil group was 0.65±0.050. The results showed that N. sativa reduced the damage of colon cells and inhibit colon cell proliferation on mice induced DMBA. This study indicated that N. sativa can be developed into a chemopreventive agent for lung cancer.