Economic impact of maize stem borer (Chilo partellus) attack on livelihood of maize farmers in Pakistan

Maize is third important cereal in Pakistan after wheat and rice. The demand of maize is increasing due to poultry and other industries. However the maize crop is faced with number of challenges especially the attack of number of insect, pest and diseases. The maize stem borer is an important pest in Pakistan causing a damage ranging up to 30%. The current paper is based on comprehensive cross sectional data set collected through detailed field survey from 812 maize farmers across Pakistan. The losses are ordered into different categories depending upon the intensity and damaged caused. The analysis was carried out by employing a number of econometric models and approaches e.g. multivariate Probit model, Poisson regression model, as well as propensity score matching approach were employed. The empirical results indicated that as the intensity of losses increases the maize yield decreases. The reduction in maize yields leads to less income levels and higher poverty levels, hence inversely affecting household welfare. The current paper has key policy implications specifically institutional support needs to be provided to maizegrowers regarding effective control of the stem borer, which can help to enhance the maize yield and in turn the household welfare in Pakistan.