Experiment on the Forced Convection and Friction Factor of Nanofluid in Downward Flow in Slope Pipes

Copper oxide - thermal oil nanofluid are utilized to be analyzed the effect of nanofluid on forced convection and friction factor in downward flow in slope pipes. Respectively, the shape of flow is fully developed and other boundary condition is isothermal wall of tube. The effectiveness of solid-fluid, and negative slope on forced convection is investigated with Prantle number. The results of forced convection soar slightly when nanoparticle mass concentration augments. A couple of equations advise to be applied for evaluating forced convection and pressure drop in downward flow under contact wall temperature and fully developed flow in this article. The peaked deviation is 18% that can accept for experimental study that can apply in manufacturing usage. The accompanying forced convection rate with pumping power rate is computed. If the rise of pumping power rate is more than forced convection enhancement, it is not to be suitable to utilize copper oxide and thermal oil and negative slope. The FOM rise up to 66% which is computed with 1.5% weight mass fraction and a slope of -30º at Reynolds number of 780. The upshot demonstrate that the most of values are more than unit, so the forced convection improvement is more than the rise of pumping power rate.