Building A Tidal Stream Chart on Navigation Fairway – Applying of Haiphong Fairway, Vietnam

The aim of this article is to present an example of the current chart (in particular, tidal stream charts, meaning: current caused by tidal), for safe navigation on the fairway. Since establishing the process of current-chart cartography, this cartography is established not only based on the annual data figures of tidal, nautical charts and surveyed data of Observation Station but also using the CFD application to simulate the flow as well as the speed at a specific time (magnitude and direction of speed vector). For demonstration, the authors built a Current Chart of Haiphong fairway in 2019. Regarding the input figures, besides the physical dimension of the fairway, the current speed of the Hon Dau (Haiphong) area is also a crucial factor. Therefore, current speed has to be corrected by these factors: results of interpolation calculation from the tidal table, data of observation station and survey figures at particular times of cross-sections of the fairway. The correction is to minimize the errors which cause by monthly or seasonally precipitation, etc. However, in this demonstration, we will not consider extreme weather conditions (typhoons, flooding, thunderstorm, etc.).