Author/Authors :
Da, Jun Department of Urology - Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital - Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China , Xu, Mingxi Department of Urology - Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital - Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China , Wang, Yiwei Department of Urology - Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital - Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China , Li, Wenfeng Department of Urology - Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital - Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China , Lu, Mujun Department of Urology - Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital - Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China , Wang, Zhong Department of Urology - Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital - Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Abstract :
Kaempferol is a well-known naturalflavonol reported to be a potential treatment for multiple cancers. In this study, wedemonstrated that cell growth of androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells could be inhibited 33% by 5μM kaempferol, around 60% by10μM kaempferol, and almost 100% by 15μM kaempferol. Also, kaempferol showed relatively limited effect on PC-3 cells andnonmalignant RWPE-1 cells. In the presence of DHT, the IC50for kaempferol was28:8±1:5μMin LNCaP cells,58:3±3:5μMin PC-3 cells, and69:1±1:2μMin RWPE-1 cells, respectively. Kaempferol promotes apoptosis of LNCaP cells in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Then, luciferase assay data showed that kaempferol couldinhibit the activation of androgen receptors induced by DHT significantly. The downstream targets of androgen receptors, suchas PSA, TMPRSS2, and TMEPA1, were found decreased in the presence of kaempferol in qPCR data. It was then confirmed thatthe protein level of PSA was decreased. Kaempferol inhibits AR protein expression and nuclear accumulation. Kaempferolsuppressed vasculogenic mimicry of PC-3 cells in an in vitro study. In conclusion, kaempferol is a promising therapeuticcandidate for treatment of prostate cancer, where the androgen signaling pathway as well as vasculogenic mimicry are involved.
