Lead extraction and contrast venography

Manolis et al. (1) reported that percutaneous lead extraction can be successful with mechanical tools using the lead-locking device (LLD) stylet. In this prospective observational clinical study, they showed us that leads were successfully removed using simple traction and LLD stylets aided with telescoping sheaths. Implantation of permanent pacemakers has increased with emerging technologies and use of implantable cardioverter defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization therapies (2). The increased number of device implantation and prolonged survival has led to the increase in the number of lead revision procedures. There are different lead extraction techniques that can be successfully performed in many centers. One of the mechanical lead extraction systems is the LLD system. LLD allows transmitting the manipulation to the distal tip of the lead, thereby protecting the lead integrity. However, venous stenosis may reduce the success of the procedure