3D Localization Algorithm Based on Voronoi Diagram and Rank Sequence in Wireless Sensor Network

Accurate nodes’ localization is a key problem in wireless sensor network (WSN for short). This paper discusses and analyzes the effects of Voronoi diagram in 3D location space. Then it proposes Sequence Localization Correction algorithm based on 3D Voronoi diagram (SLC3V), which introduces 3D Voronoi diagram to divide the 3D location space and constructs the rank sequence tables of virtual beacon nodes. SLC3V uses RSSI method between beacon nodes as a reference to correct the measured distance and fixes the location sequence of unknown nodes. Next, it selects optimal parameter N and realizes the weighted location estimate with N valid virtual beacon nodes by normalization process of rank correlation coefficients. Compared with other sequence location algorithms, simulation experiments show that it can improve the localization accuracy for nodes in complex 3D space with less measurements and computational costs.