A First Case Report of DiGeorge Syndrome from Ethiopia Highlights Challenges in Identifying and Treating Children withPrimary T-Cell Deficiencies in Low Resource Settings

Cellular primary immunodeficiencies are rarely reported from Africa. DiGeorge syndrome is a commonly rec-ognized form of a congenital T-cell deficiency. ,e disorder is characterized by hypoplastic or aplastic thymus, hypocalcemia,recurrent infections, and other associated congenital defects.Case Report. We report an eleven-month-old infant presenting withrecurrent chest and diarrheal infections, failure to thrive, lymphopenia, hypocalcemia, and hypoplastic thymus on imaging. Adiagnosis of DiGeorge syndrome was confirmed after determining very low CD3 and CD4 levels.Conclusions. We describe thefirst case report of an Ethiopian child with a congenital T-cell immunodeficiency. We have outlined essentials for diagnosis andmanagement of cellular primary immunodeficiency disorders in low resource settings