Reactions of Subcutaneous Connective Tissue to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Biodentine ®, and a Newly Developed Bio ACTIVE Base/Liner

There is an increasing interest in the application of BioACTIVE materials to achieve hard tissue formation and maintain pulpvitality. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine® are BioACTIVE materials used for pulp capping. Recently, dentalresearchers have produced BioACTIVE glass-incorporated light-curable pulp capping material. The study is aimed at evaluatingthe subcutaneous connective tissue reactions to MTA, Biodentine®, ACTIVA BioACTIVE Base/Liner. These materials wereplaced in polyethylene tubes and implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of Sprague Dawley rats. The presence ofinflammation, predominant cell type, calcification, and thickness offibrous connective tissue was recorded by histologicalexamination 7, 30, and 60 days after the implantation procedure. Scores were defined as follows: 0 = none or few inflammatorycells, no reaction; 1 =<25 cells, mild reaction; 2 = 25 to 125 cells, moderate reaction; and 3 =≥125 cells, severe reaction. Fibrouscapsule thickness, necrosis, and formation of calcification were recorded. ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett’s tests were used forstatistically analyses (p<0:05). Results. In terms of oedema, inflammation,fibrous capsule, and necrosis, no significantdifferences were found in any time period for any material. MTA and Biodentine® showed higher calcification than in theACTIVA BioACTIVE on day 30, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0:05). After 60 days, while calcification wasnot seen in the control group, it was observed in the test groups. There was a statistically significant difference between thecontrol and the others. Conclusion. All materials were well tolerated by the tissues in the 60-day evaluation period. One notablefinding is the presence of dystrophic calcification in the connective tissue adjacent to the newly developed BioACTIVE Base/Linermaterial. Therefore, this new BioACTIVE Base/Liner material may be safely recommended to clinicians as a pulp capping material