Progressive Non-infectious Anterior Vertebral Fusion (Copenhagen Syndrome); A Case Report and Literature Review

Progressive anterior vertebral fusion (PAVF or Copenhagen syndrome) is a very rare cause of pathologic kyphosis that gradually and progressively leads to anterior vertebral fusion. In this report, we described a 13-year-old girl with PAVF presented to the orthopedic clinic of Imam Reza Hospital with rigid thoracic kyphosis (900) in 2019. She underwent two stages anterior and posterior spinal surgery and was finally discharged with a normally aligned spine and good general condition. In pediatric patients presented with thoracic or thoracolumbar kyphosis, in addition to the common diseases that cause kyphosis, PAVF should also be considered.