Title of article :
Trends in leprosy case detection in Rwanda, 1995–2011: analysis of 17 years of laboratory data
Author/Authors :
Kamanzi, Elaine Rwanda Biomedical Centre/Biomedical Services - National Reference Laboratory Division - Kigali, Rwanda , Uwimana, Innocent Rwanda Biomedical Centre/Biomedical Services - National Reference Laboratory Division - Kigali, Rwanda , Bizimungu, Nestor Rwanda Biomedical Centre/Biomedical Services - National Reference Laboratory Division - Kigali, Rwanda , Ingabire, Fabrice Rwanda Biomedical Centre/Biomedical Services - National Reference Laboratory Division - Kigali, Rwanda , Mukamukwiye, Elyse Rwanda Biomedical Centre/Biomedical Services - National Reference Laboratory Division - Kigali, Rwanda , Sharangabo, Odette Rwanda Biomedical Centre/Biomedical Services - National Reference Laboratory Division - Kigali, Rwanda , Ngabonziza, Semuto C. Rwanda Biomedical Centre/Biomedical Services - National Reference Laboratory Division - Kigali, Rwanda
Pages :
4
From page :
1
To page :
4
Abstract :
Leprosy, or Hansen’s disease, is a chronic, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It remains one of the leading causes of deformity and physical disability. Objective We analysed laboratory records to assess trends in prevalence rates and case detection rates (CDRs) in Rwanda. Methods A retrospective review of detected leprosy cases from the records of the Rwanda National Reference Laboratory over a 17-year period (1995–2011) was conducted. Skin biopsy samples were analysed microscopically using Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique to identify M. leprae. Results Cumulatively, 266 suspected cases were reported between 1995 and 2011. Of the suspected cases, 77 (28.9%) were laboratory confirmed as having leprosy. Among detected cases, 59 (76.6%) were men and 18 (23.4%) women. The male:female ratio was 3:1. There were 77 registered leprosy cases over the 17-year period of the study, and the prevalence rate was 0.005 per 10 000 population. A gradual decrease in the prevalence rate was observed from 0.015 per 10 000 population in 2003 to 0.003 per 10 000 population in 2010. From 1995 to 2011, the CDR did not exceed one per 10 000 population. Conclusion This laboratory review demonstrates a declining trend in prevalence rates and CDR during the period of the study. Early case detection and a sustainable leprosy control programme remain the cornerstones of reducing the physical and socio-economic burden of leprosy in Rwanda.
Keywords :
Trends in leprosy case detection , Rwanda , 1995 – 2011 , analysis of 17 years of laboratory data , CDR
Journal title :
African Journal of Laboratory Medicine
Serial Year :
2017
Full Text URL :
Record number :
2622188
Link To Document :
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