History of the Basics of Sovereignty and Research on the Establishment of the Government (Relying on the Established Government in the Safavid Era)

Sovereignty is a power from which the legal order derives and is not subject to external norms or prenorms and there is no power higher of it; Sovereignty also gives existence to the government and is inseparable from it. Internal sovereignty includes the authority of the government, which is used to govern of the country’s political board and the exercise of power is used to pursue the interests and affairs of citizens. On the other hand, external sovereignty requires the denial of any affiliation or obedience to other governments. Considering the political system of any society, two types of governance can be expected. In the meantime, the Safavid era and the Safavid government as a part of the history and civilization of several thousand years of Iran, to achieve the goal of sovereignty can be considered and studied by scholars; a sovereign that considered himself a messenger of God and worked hard to dominate and expand the realm under his influence. A group of religious scholars and leaders of that time also confirmed the connection of this government with the extraterrestrial calculations considered by the Safavid rulers, because with the formation and establishment of this government, a glimmer of hope to achieve the goal and stabilize the religious position in Iran at that time, gained legitimacy, which indicates the mutual support between this group of Safavid rulers. Therefore, this group helped the government and the Safavids also acted according to their perception of religion. By regarding this explanation, in the present study, by examining the history of the basics of the government and the establishment of the government, the Safavid government was studied and analyzed as a case study and using the course of historical developments with the qualitative research method.