Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidinones using Nano γ-Al2O3/BF3/ Fe3O4 as an Efficient Magnetic Nanocatalyst under Solvent-free Conditions

Nano-γ-Al2O3/BF3/Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). Dihydropyrimidinones (DHP) have some biological activities such as antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogen, calcium channel blockers, antihypertensive, anti-cancer and anti-HIV. Nano-γ-Al2O3/BF3/Fe3O4 nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst were used for mild and green one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 3,4-dihydro pyrimidine-2(1H)-ones/thiones under solvent-free conditions. Biginelli reaction proceeds through an aldehyde, β-keto ester and urea or thiourea to form dihydropyrimidinone. Excellent yields of dihydropyrmidinones were achieved within a short reaction time. The proposed method offers several advantages such as short reaction time, high efficiency, smooth purification, cleaning reaction, ease of catalyst recovery. The structures of the above mentioned compounds were confirmed using FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the physical property of products were compared with reported ones.